التباين المكاني لنسب الجبس (كبريتات الكالسيوم المائية ) CaSO4 . 2H2O في تربة الوديان السفلى من محافظة النجف الأشرف

Abstract

           The research aims to detect spatial variations in the proportions of gypsum (German calcium sulphate)  CaSO4.2H2O in the soil of the lower valleys of the Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf Governorate. The study area (lower valleys) is located within the western plateau of the Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf Governorate, with an area estimated at 7187.6 km2. It is bordered to the north and northwest by the Karbala and Al-Anbar governorates, respectively, and to the northeast and east by the administrative borders of Al-Qadisiyah Governorate and the region.  The meeting of the alluvial plain with the Western Plateau in the Al-Najaf Governorate, and to the south-east, the administrative borders of the Al-Muthanna Governorate, and to the south and south-west is the line of equal height 200, represented by the Al-Hajara area, which represents the northern part of the Najaf Plateau within the western plateau of Iraq. As for astronomically, it is located between two latitudes  (12"  51^'   6 – ^o30 " 0332  ^{' o})  north and between longitudes  (42"  33^{' o} 43  –00"   43 ^{'  o} 44  )  east. The research relied on collecting and analyzing samples from (55) locations at depths of (0 - 30) and (31 - 60) cm distributed between soil Mixed gypsum, valley soil, stony land soil, and flood soil. Samples were collected during the month of December 2021 and the months of May and May 2022. The research concluded that the soil of the study area ranged from soil with a low gypsum content to soil with a moderate gypsum content in general, and that there is spatial variation in its values.  As a result of the influence of a group of factors, the most important of which are the parent rocks, climate, surface characteristics, and water resources inThe study area resulted in variation in the proportions of gypsum hydrated calcium sulphate CaSO4. 2H2O